Team medical director Dr. Timothy Kremcheck performed the one-hour surgery and said Gonzalez could be ready for spring training next year.
The 31-year-old Gonzalez sustained a compression fracture at the start of spring training in February.
Cincinnati signed Gonzalez to a $14 million, three-year deal before last season. He missed 28 games in 2007 while attending to his ailing son and ended up batting .272 with 16 homers and 55 RBIs.
Reds outfielder Norris Hopper is scheduled for surgery on Tuesday to repair a torn ligament in his right elbow.
Texans’ Johnson to miss workouts after surgery
Marlins put reliever Miller on 15-day disabled list